ÿþ<html> <head> <title>AUSTRALIA</title> <meta http-equiv="!>45@68<>5-"8?" content="text/html; charset=windows-1251"> <LINK href="styls.css" type=text/css rel=STYLESHEET> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#990000" vlink="#CC0099" alink="#CC0066" leftmargin="20" background="golub197.gif"> <a name="pr0"></a> <br> <center> </center> <h1 align="center"><font color="#FF0000"> <font size="+7"><b>Australia</b></font></font></h1> <font size="3"></font><br> <p align="center"><font color="#FF0000"><img src="images/flag.jpg" width="323" height="165"></font></p> <p><br> </p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><br> </p> <ul> <p align="center"><a name="pr1"></a><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#009900">Geography</font> </b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.1.01)</font><b> </b></font></p> <p align="justify"><font size="2">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">People wonder why such a huge country has a population of just 20 million people. The truth is, Australia can </font></font><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">barely support that many. About 90 percent of those people live on only 2.6 percent of the continent.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Climatic and physical land conditions ensure that the only decent rainfall occurs along a thin strip of land around Australia's coast. It's been even tougher of late: Australia is in the grip of the worst drought in a century. The vast majority of Australia is harsh Outback. People survive where they can in this great arid land because of one thing: the Great Artesian Basin. This saucer-shaped geological formation stretches over much of inland New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. Beneath it are underground water supplies stored some 66 million to 208 million years ago, when the area was much like the Amazon basin is today. Bore holes bring water to the surface and allow sheep, cattle, and humans a respite from the dryness. <br> Just off the Queensland coast, The Great Barrier Reef stretches some 2,000 km (1,240 miles) from off Gladstone, to the Gulf of Papua, near New Guinea. It's not more than 8,000 years old, although many fear that rising seawater, caused by global warming, will cause its demise. As it is, the nonnative Crown of Thorns starfish and a bleaching process believed to be the result of excessive nutrients flowing into the sea from Australia's farming land, is causing significant damage.</font></font></p> <h1 align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" size="+3" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Coastline</font></b></font></font></h1> <p align="justufy"><font size="2"><br> <p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The coastline of Australia measures some 25,760 km. It is generally regular, with few bays or capes. The largest inlets are the Gulf of Carpentaria in the north and the Great Australian Bight in the south. The several fine harbours include those of Sydney, Hobart, Port Lincoln, and Albany. <br> The Great Barrier Reef is the largest known coral formation in the world. It extends some 2,010 km along the eastern coast of Queensland from Cape York in the north to Bundaberg in the south. The chain of reefs forms a natural breakwater along the coast for vessels of modest size but is sometimes hazardous for larger ships.</font></p></font> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+3"><b><font color="#990099">Neighbouring countries</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="justufy"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Australia is an island, so it's surrounded by the Indian and the Pacific Ocean. The nearest countries are New Zealand, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.</font> </font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+3"><b><font color="#990099">Lakes</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><font color="#00FF00"><br> <font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Lake Eyre (9.500 km)</font></b></font></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lake Eyre is the lowest point in Australia, at approximately 15 m below sea level, and, on the rare occasions that it fills, the largest lake in Australia. It is the focal point of the vast Lake Eyre Basin and is found some 700km north of Adelaide.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Lake Mackay (3.494 km)</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="2"><br> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lake Mackay is one of hundreds of dry lakebeds scattered throughout Western Australia and the Northern Territory. The darker areas of the lakebed are indicative of some form of desert vegetation or algae, some moisture within the soils of the dry lake, and the lowest elevations where pooling of water occurs.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Lake Amadeus (1032 km)</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lake Amadeus is a huge salt lake in the area of Uluru (Ayers Rock), located in the SW corner of Australia's Northern Territory. Due to the aridity of the area, it is usually almost totally dry. In times of sufficient rainfall, it is part of an east-flowing drainage system that eventually connects to the Finke River.</font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Lake Gordon (270 km)</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lake Gordon is the name of a lake created by the Gordon Dam on the upper reaches of the Gordon River in central Tasmania.<br> The lake was created in the early 1970s for hydroelectric power by the Hydro Electricity Commission. It was one of the largest and most controversial hydro-electric power schemes in Tasmania.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Lake Torrens (5.745 km)</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lake Torrens is a 5,700 square kilometer endorheic saline rift lake in South Australia. It forms part of the same rift valley that includes Spencer Gulf to the south and is approximately 240 km long. It is in the Lake Torrens National Park, and a permit is required to visit. Lake Torrens is usually a dry salt flat.</font></font><br> </p> <h1 align="justufy"> <center> <p><img src="images/geography/Mountains.jpg" width="391" height="271"></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1" color="#000000">(picture A.1.01)</font> </p> </center> </h1> <h1 align="center"> <h2 align="center"><font size="+3" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Snowy mountains</font></b></font></h2> </h1> <p align="justufy"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The Snowy Mountains are the highest Australian mountain range and contain the Australian mainland's highest mountain, Mount Kosciuszko, which reaches 2228 metres AHD. They are located in southern New South Wales and are part of the larger Australian Alps and the Great Dividing Range.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Australian Alps</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="justufy"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The Australian Alps are the highest mountain ranges of mainland Australia. They are located in south-eastern Australia, straddling far southern New South Wales and eastern Victoria. The Alps contain the Australian mainland's only peaks exceeding 2,000 metres and the only place that snow occurs regularly. The Snowy Mountains in New South Wales are part of the Alps.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Mount Lofty Ranges</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="justufy"><font size="2"><br> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The Mount Lofty Ranges are the range of mountains to the east of Adelaide in South Australia, stretching from the southernmost point of the Fleurieu Peninsula at Cape Jervis northwards for over 300 kilometres before petering out north of Peterborough. In the vicinity of Adelaide, they separate the Adelaide Plains from the extensive plains that surround the Murray River and stretch eastwards to Victoria.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="2"><br> <font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Gammon Ranges</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="justufy"><font size="2"><br> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The Gammon Ranges are part of the northern Flinders Ranges, immediately southwest of and adjacent to Arkaroola Sanctuary. They encompass some of the most rugged and spectacular country in South Australia.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The central ranges are of a different topographical nature to the rest of the Flinders, being composed of roughly flat-lying strata, creating a high plateau into which spectacular gorges have been cut, instead of the buckled and folded strata further south which lead to the ubiquitous cuestas of Wilpena Pound.</font></font></p> <h1 align="center"><font size="+3" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Hamersley Range</font></b></font><font size="3"> </font></h1> <center> <p><img src="images/geography/gorge.jpg" width="135" height="123"> </p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.1.02)</font> </p> </center> <br> <p align="left"><font size="3"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">Hamersley Range</font> </font><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.1.02)</font><b> </b></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">, range of mountains in Australia, in the northwestern part of the state of Western Australia. The range runs 460 km (290 mi) from near the Indian Ocean, northwest to southeast. The northeastern boundary of the Hamersley Range is marked by a sheer drop into the valley of the Fortescue River.</font><font size="3"> </font></font></p> <font size="3"> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The range is home to Mount Bruce and Mount Meharry (Western Australia's highest peak), both of which stand at about 1,300 m (4,100 ft). Many gorges break the range. </font></p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Hamersley National Park, home to red kangaroos and dingoes, lies within the mountains, as do huge deposits of iron ore. Most of Australia's iron is produced from the <font color="#0000CC">Hamersley Range</font> </font><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.1.03)</font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">. </font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><img src="images/geography/gorge_next_to_a_gum_tree.jpg" width="145" height="136"></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><font color="#000000">(picture </font></font><font size="3" color="#000000"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1"> A.1.03</font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1" color="#000000">)</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"> </font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Towns such as Newman and Tom Price have sprung up around iron mines since the 1960s;</font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">previously the range's main settlement had been the town of Wittenoom.</font></p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The Willandra Lakes Region is a World Heritage Site that covers 2,400 square kilometres in south-western New South Wales.</font><font size="3"><br> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The Region has important natural and cultural values including exceptional examples of past human civilization including the Worlds oldest cremation site. A small section of the Region is protected by the <font color="#0000CC">Mungo National Park</font> </font><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.1.04 and A.1.05)</font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><img src="images/geography/Hotel.jpg" width="277" height="172"> </font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.1.04)</font> </font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"> <img src="images/geography/rock_ formations_near_Jabiru.jpg" width="261" height="174"> </font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.1.05)</font></font> </font></p> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <h2 align="center"><br> <a name="pr2"></a><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#009900">History</font></b> </font></h2> <p align="center"><img src="images/history/History.jpg" width="380" height="162"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.2.01)</font> </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In the beginning, there was the <font color="#0000CC">Dreamtime</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.2.01)</font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">- at least according to the Aborigines of Australia. Between then and now, perhaps, the supercontinent referred to as Pangaea split into two huge continents called Laurasia and Gondwanaland. Over millions of years, continental drift carried the landmasses apart. Gondwanaland divided into South America, Africa, India, Australia and New Guinea, and Antarctica. Giant marsupials evolved to roam the continent of Australia: Among them were a plant-eating animal that looked like a wombat the size of a rhinoceros; a giant squashed-face kangaroo standing 3m (10 ft.) high; and a flightless bird the same size as an emu, but four times heavier. The last of these giant marsupials is thought to have died out 40,000 years ago, possibly helped toward extinction by Aborigines.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The existence of Australia had been in the minds of Europeans since the Greek astronomer Ptolemy drew a map of the world in about A.D. 150 showing a large landmass in the south, which he believed had to be there to balance out the land in the Northern Hemisphere. He called it Terra Australia Incognita - the unknown southland. Evidence suggests that Portuguese ships reached Australia as early as1536 and even charted part of its coastline. In 1606, William Jansz was sent by the Dutch East India Company to open up a new route to the Spice Islands, and to find New Guinea, which was supposed to be rich in gold.</font><br> </p> <p align="center"><img src="images/history/William_Dampier.jpg" width="198" height="224"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.2.02)</font> </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">William Dampier</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.2.02)</font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(baptized 5 September 1651 - died March 1715) was an English buccaneer, sea captain, author and scientific observer. He was the first Englishman to explore or map parts of New Holland (Australia) and New Guinea. He was the first person to circumnavigate the world three times.</font></p> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left"> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Between 1616 and 1640, many more Dutch ships made contact with Australia as they hugged the west coast of &quot;New Holland.&quot; In 1642, the Dutch East India Company, through the governor general of the Indies, Anthony Van Diemen, sent Abel Tasman to find and map the southland. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Over two voyages, he charted the northern Australian coastline and discovered Tasmania, which he named Van Diemen's Land. Captain James Cook turned up in 1770 and charted the east coast in his ship H.M.S. Endeavour.</font><br> </p> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><img src="images/history/James_Cook.jpg" width="265" height="334"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.2.03)</font> </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">James Cook</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.2.03)</font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">National Maritime Museum, United Kingdom Nathaniel Dance Captain James Cook (27 October 1728 - 14 February 1779) was an English explorer, navigator and cartographer. Ultimately rising to the rank of Captain in the Royal Navy, Cook was the first to map Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean during which he achieved the first European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands as well as the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.<br> </font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; He claimed the land for Britain and named it New South Wales, probably as a favor to Thomas Pennant, a Welsh patriot and botanist. Cook landed at Botany Bay, which he named after the discovery of scores of plants hitherto unknown to science. Turning northward, Cook passed an entrance to a possible harbor, which appeared to offer safe anchorage, and named it Port Jackson after the secretary to the admiralty, George Jackson. Back in Britain, King George III viewed Australia as a potential colony and repository of Britain's overflowing prison population, which could no longer be transported to the United States of America following the War of Independence. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The First Fleet left England in May 1787, made up of 11 store and transport ships (none of them bigger than the passenger ferries that ply modern-day Sydney Harbour) led by Arthur Phillip. Aboard were 1,480 people, including 759 convicts. Phillip's flagship, The Supply, reached Botany Bay in January 1788, but Phillip decided the soil was poor and the surroundings too swampy. On January 26, now celebrated as Australia Day, he settled on Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour) instead.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The convicts were immediately put to work clearing land, planting crops, and constructing buildings. The early food harvests were failures, and by early 1790, the fledgling colony was facing starvation. Phillip decided to give some convicts pardons for good behavior and service, and grant small land parcels to those who were industrious. In 1795, coal was discovered; in 1810, Governor Macquarie began city building projects; and, in 1813, the explorers Blaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson forged a passage over the Blue Mountains to the fertile plains beyond. When gold was discovered in Victoria in 1852, and in Western Australia 12 years later, hundreds of thousands of immigrants from Europe, America, and China flooded into the country.</font><br> </p> <p align="center"><img src="images/history/gold_discovery.jpg" width="303" height="227"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.2.04)</font> </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The <font color="#0000CC">gold discovery</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.2.04)</font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">in 1980 years changed fundamentaly the social and economic structures.</font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; By 1860, over a million non-Aboriginal people were living in Australia.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The last 10,000 convicts were transported to Western Australia between1850 and 1868, bringing the total shipped to Australia to 168,000. On January 1, 1901, the six states that made up Australia proclaimed themselves to be part of one nation, and the Commonwealth of Australia was formed. In 1914, Australia joined the mother country in war. In April the following year, the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzac) formed a beachhead on the peninsula of Gallipoli in Turkey. The Turkish troops had been warned, and eight months of fighting ended with 8,587 Australian dead and more than 19,000 wounded.</font><br> </p> <p align="center"><img src="images/flag.jpg" width="280" height="133"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.2.05)</font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; It was chosen in 1901.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In 1954 the <font color="#0000CC">flag</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.2.05)</font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">became legally recognized as the &quot;Australian National Flag&quot;.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The flag is a defaced Blue Ensign: a blue field with the Union Flag in the canton (upper hoist quarter), and a large white seven-pointed star known as the Commonwealth Star in the lower hoist quarter. The fly contains a representation of the Southern Cross constellation (made up of five white stars - one small five-pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars.)</font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Australians fought in World War II in North Africa, Greece, and the Middle East. In March 1942, Japanese aircraft bombed Broome in Western Australia and Darwin in the Northern Territory. In May 1942, Japanese midget submarines entered Sydney Harbour and torpedoed a ferry before being destroyed. Later that year, Australian volunteers fought an incredibly brave retreat through the jungles of Papua New Guinea on the Kokoda Track against much larger Japanese forces. Australian troops fought alongside Americans in subsequent wars in Korea and Vietnam and sent military support to the Persian Gulf conflicts. Following World War II, mass immigration to Australia, primarily from Europe, boosted the population. In 1974 the left-of-center Whitlam government put an end to the White Australia policy that had largely restricted black and Asian immigration since 1901. In 1986, the Australian Constitution was separated from that of England. In 1992, the High Court handed down the &quot;Mabo&quot; decision that ruled that Aborigines had a right to claim government-owned land if they could prove a continued connection with it.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney put medal-winning Australian athletes<br> Cathy Freeman and Ian Thorpe in the spotlight, and spurred a new wave of interest and tourism in the Land Down Under. <br> Australia is a modern nation coming to terms with its identity. The umbilical cord with Mother England has been cut, and the nation is still trying to find its position within Asia. One thing Australia realized early on was the importance of tourism to its economy. Millions flock here every year. Factor in the landscape, the native Australian culture, the sunshine, the animals, and some of the world's best cities, and you've got a fascinating, accessible destination full of amazing diversity and variety.</font><br> <br> </p> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <h2 align="center"><a name="pr3"></a><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#009900">Main Cities</font></b></font></h2> <p align="center"><font size="+3" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Sydney</font></b></font></p> <p align="left"><br> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Sydney is one of the largest cities in the world by area, covering more than 1,730 sq. km (675 sq. miles) from the sea to the foothills of the Blue Mountains. Thankfully, the city center is compact. The jewel in Sydney's crown is its harbor, which empties into the South Pacific Ocean through headlands known simply as North Head and South Head. On the southern side of the harbor are the high-rises of the city center; the Sydney Opera House; a string of beaches, including Bondi; and the inner-city suburbs. The Sydney Harbour Bridge and a tunnel connect the city center to the high-rises of the North Sydney business district and the affluent northern suburbs and beautiful ocean beaches beyond. The city's main thoroughfare, George Street, runs up from Circular Quay (pronounced key), past Wynyard CityRail station and Town Hall, to Central Station. A whole host of streets run parallel to George, including Pitt, Elizabeth, and Macquarie streets. Macquarie Street runs up from the Sydney Opera House, past the Royal Botanic Gardens and Hyde Park. Martin Place is a pedestrian thoroughfare that stretches from Macquarie to George streets. It's about halfway between Circular Quay and Town Hall - in the heart of the city center. The easy-to-spot Sydney Tower (also known as Centrepoint Tower), facing onto pedestrian-only Pitt Street Mall on Pitt Street, is the main city-center landmark. Next to Circular Quay and across from the Opera House is The Rocks, a cluster of small streets that was once part of a larger slum and is now a tourist attraction. </font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">The Rocks</font></b></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Sydney's historic district is on the Harbour Bridge side of Circular Quay hilly and cross-cut with alleyways. Some of Australia's oldest pubs are here, as well as fine restaurants, stores, and hotels. Pick up a walking map from the visitor center and be sure to get off the main streets and see the original houses that survived the bulldozers. The Eora Aboriginal people originally inhabited the headland now known as The Rocks for thousands of years. In 1788, British convicts and their guards arrived. A jail was built where the Four Seasons Hotel now stands, on George Street, and public hangings were common. Later it evolved into a vibrant port community, though its history is colored with outbreaks of plague, shanghaied sailors, and cut-throat gangs. In 1973, bulldozers and protesters clashed with police over plans to tear down many of the buildings. These resulted in the Green Bans, which halted any further demolition. In 1975 a compromise was reached and the bans were lifted, in return for heritage protection and community consultation on future projects. Today, there are 96 heritage buildings in The Rocks. The oldest is Cadmans Cottage, built in 1815, while the Dawes Point Battery, built in1791, is the oldest remaining European structure. On Observatory Hill you'll find the three remaining walls of Fort Phillip, built in 1804.</font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Roads meet at Town Hall from Kings Cross in one direction and Darling Harbour in the other. From Circular Quay to The Rocks it's a five- to ten-minute stroll; to Wynyard</font></p> <p><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Sydney is a jewel of a city, set around one of the finest harbors in the world. This thriving, sunny metropolis is home to some famous architectural and natural icons - the <font color="#0000CC">Sydney Opera House</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.3.01)</font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">,</font></p> <p align="center"> <img src="images/sites/Sydney.jpg" width="200" height="150"> </p> <p align="left"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1"> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (picture A.3.01) </font></font></font></p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">and Bondi Beach.</font> </p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Sydney's most famous beach is Bondi. In many ways, it's a raffish version of a California beach, with plenty of tanned skin and in-line skaters. Though the beach is nice, it's cut off from the cafe and restaurant strip that caters to beachgoers by a road that pedestrians have to funnel across in order to reach the sand. On summer weekend evenings it's popular with souped-up cars and groups of kids from the suburbs. Only a handful of buildings around the world are as architecturally and culturally significant as the Sydney Opera House. And this white-sailed construction caught midbillow over the waters of Sydney Cove is a working building. It's a full-scale performing arts complex with five major spaces. The biggest and grandest is the 2,690-seat Concert Hall, which has the best acoustics of any building of its type in the world. Come here to experience opera, chamber music, symphonies, dance, choral performances, and even rock 'n' roll.</font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The <font color="#0000CC">Opera Theatre</font> is </font><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.3.02) </font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">smaller, seating 1,547, and books operas, ballets, and dance. The Drama Theatre, seating 544, and the Playhouse, seating 398, specialize in plays and smaller-scale performances. The Boardwalk, seating 300, is used for dance and experimental music.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Danish Architect Jrn Utzon won an international competition to design the Opera House. From the start, the project was controversial, with many Sydneysiders believing it was a monstrosity. Following a disagreement, Utzon returned home without ever seeing his finished project. Initially, the project was budgeted at a cool A$7 million (US$5.6 million/?2.8 million), but by the time it was finished in 1973 it had cost a staggering A$102 million (US$82 million/?41 million). Since then, continual refurbishment and the major task of replacing the asbestos-laden grouting between the hundreds of thousands of white tiles that make up its shell has cost many millions more. A long-overdue reconstruction is being completed, aimed at putting into practice what Jrn Utzon has long visualized. The Tourism Services Department at the Sydney Opera House can book combination packages, including dinner and a show; a tour, dinner, and a show; or a champagne interval performance.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Most of Sydney's main attractions are concentrated in a relatively compact area. Still, there's so much to do that you could easily spend a week into bed at night exhausted, having tried to see everything. here and still find yourself crashing In summer head to one of Sydney's beaches - with over 20 strung along the city's oceanfront, and dozens more around the harbor, you'll be spoiled for choice. The most famous, of course, is Bondi, a strip of golden sand legendary for its Speedo-clad Lifesavers and surfboard riders.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Another favorite is Manly, a 30-minute ferry trip from Circular Quay. Pick up some fish and chips and head for the main beach, which is flanked by a row of giant pines that chatter with hundreds of small, colorful parrots at dusk. The best time to return is in the early evening, when the lights of the skyscrapers around Circular Quay streak like rainbows across the water of the harbor, and the sails of the Opera House and the girders of the Harbour Bridge are lit up - it's magical.<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge started in 1924, and it took1,400 men eight years to complete. Today it rivals the Sydney Opera House as the most photographed structure in Australia. The bridge, is 1,150m (3,772 ft.) long and spans 503m (1,650 ft.) from the south shore to the north. It has pedestrian walkways, two railway lines, and an eight-lane road. The 30-minute stroll from one end to the other offers excellent harbor views. From the other side, you can take a CityRail train from Milsons Point back to the city (to Wynyard - change there for Circular Quay, Town Hall, or Central). As you walk across, stop off at the Pylon Lookout. From the top of this bridge support, 89m (292 ft.) above the water, you get panoramic views of Sydney Harbour, the ferry terminals of Circular Quay, and beyond. Reach the pylon by walking to the far end of George Street in The Rocks toward the Harbour Bridge. Just past the Mercantile pub, you'll see some stone steps that take you onto Cumberland Street. From there, it's a two-minute walk to the steps underneath the bridge on your right. Climb four flights of stairs to reach the bridge's Western Footway, and then walk along to the first pylon. Climbing up inside the pylon involves 200 steps.</font><br> </p> <p> <p align="center"><img src="images/sites/Sydney_Harbour_Bridge1.jpg" width="248" height="160"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"> </font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.3.02)</font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Compared to many other major cities, Sydney offers good value. Food and public transport are cheap, and attractions are generally not prohibitively expensive. (Senior and student prices are almost always available with ID.) The price of a hotel room is comparatively cheaper than in other major cities such as New York and London.</font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Officially called Port Jackson, Sydney Harbour is the focal point of Sydney and one of the features that makes this city so special. It's entered through the Heads, two bush-topped outcrops (you'll see them if you take a ferry or JetCat to Manly). The harbor laps at some 240km (149 miles) of shoreline before stretching out into the Parramatta River. Visitors are awestruck by the harbor's beauty, especially at night, when the sails of the Opera House and the girders of the Harbour Bridge are lit up. During the day, it buzzes with green-and-yellow ferries pulling in and out of busy Circular Quay, sleek tourist craft, fully rigged tall ships, giant container vessels, and hundreds of white-sailed yachts. The greenery along the harbor's edges is a surprising feature, thanks to the Sydney Harbour National Park, a haven for native trees and plants, and a feeding and breeding ground for lorikeets and other nectar-eating bird life. In the center of the harbor is a series of islands; the most impressive is the tiny isle supporting Fort Denison, which once housed convicts and acted as part of the city's defense.</font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Royal Botanic Gardens</font></b></font></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The gardens, next to the Sydney Opera House, were laid out in 1816 on the site of a farm that supplied food for the colony. They're informal in appearance, with a scattering of duck ponds and open spaces, though several areas are dedicated to particular plant species. These include the rose garden, the cacti and succulent display, and the central palm and rain forest groves (watch out for the thousands of large fruit bats, which chatter and argue among the rain forest trees). Mrs. Macquarie's Chair, along the coast path, offers superb views of the Bridge. The &quot;chair&quot; is a step cut out of sandstone with a huge stone plaque Opera House and the Harbour on top. It bears the name of Elizabeth Macquarie (1788-1835), the wife of Governor Lachlan Macquarie. (It's a favorite stop for tour buses.) The sandstone building dominating the gardens nearest to the Opera House is the Government House, once the official residence of the governor of New South Wales.</font><br> </p> <p>&nbsp; </p> <p align="center"><font size="+3" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Melbourne</font></b></font></p> <p> <p align="center"><img src="images/sites/Melbourne.jpg" width="187" height="135"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.3.03)</font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="center"><br> </p> <p align="justify"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Victoria's capital, <font color="#0000CC">Melbourne</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.3.03) </font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(pronounced mel-bun) is a cultural melting pot. Melbourne is at the head of the pack in Australia when it comes to shopping, restaurants, fashion, music, nightlife, and cafe culture. Melbourne was founded in the 1850s, when gold was found in the surrounding hills. British settlers prided themselves on coming freely to the city, rather than in chains. The city grew wealthy and remained a conservative bastion until World War II, when another wave of immigration, from southern Europe, made it a more relaxed place.<br> </font></p> </font> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Federation Square</font></b></font></font></p> <p><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; When you're &quot;in&quot; Federation Square you'll appreciate what a great space it is. This is a place that polarizes Melbournians - they either love it or hate it. We're big fans. Visit on the weekend and you can see that it really works as a gathering place, with lots of events held in the amphitheatre. Restaurants and attractions are clustered around the open piazza, which is cobbled with misshapen paving. The architecture is made up of geometrical designs, and there's also an impressive glass atrium. &quot;Fed Square,&quot; as the locals call it, is home to the National Gallery of Victoria: The Ian Potter Centre-Australian Art and the Australian Centre for the Moving Image (The National Gallery building contains the largest collection of Australian art in the country, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander art. The ACMI has two state-of-the-art cinemas and areas where visitors can view movies, videos, and digital media.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Melbourne Museum</font></b></font></font></font></p> <p><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; This is Australia's largest museum and one of its most interesting. Highlights include a blue whale skeleton, an indoor rain forest, and a brilliant insect and butterfly collection. Kids love the exhibits, including cockroaches, ant colonies, and spiders, as well as the interactive stuff and science displays, the Children's Museum, and the mummified remains of Australia's most famous racehorse, Phar Lap. Bunjikata is an awardwinning Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Centre. The complex also includes an IMAX movie theatre.</font></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1" color="#990099"><br> <font size="+2">N<b>ational Galley of Victoria, International</b></font></font></font></p> <p><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The NGV International is a showcase for Australia's finest collections of international art, including works by Gainsborough, Constable, Bonnard, Delacroix, Van Dyck, El Greco, Monet, Manet, Magritte, and Rembrandt. Architecturally, the building is a masterpiece, with high ceilings, fabulous lighting, and great open spaces.</font></font></p> <p><font size="3"><br> </font></p> <font size="3"> <p></p> <p align="center"><font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Canberra</font></b></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Canberra (pop. 310,000) offers gentle virtues and comforts: The roads are wide and well kept, the buildings are modern, and the suburbs are pleasant and leafy. Canberra is also the seat of government and the home of thousands of civil servants - it's very much a company town. There are lots of open spaces, parklands, and monuments, and you'll find more than enough to keep you busy - from museum-going and gallery-hopping to boating on Lake Burley Griffin. Canberra was born after the Commonwealth of Australia was created in1901. Melbourne and Sydney each bid to become the federal capital. In the end, Australian leaders created a federal district and in 1908, they chose an undeveloped area between the two cities. Chicago landscape architect Walter Burley Griffin, a contemporary of Frank Lloyd Wright, designed the city. The place he mapped out was christened &quot;Canberra&quot; (a local Aboriginal word meaning &quot;meeting place&quot;), and, by 1927, the first meeting of Parliament took place here.</font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Australian War Memorial</font></b></font></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; This monument to Australian troops who gave their lives for their country is truly moving. Artifacts and displays tell the story of Australia's conflicts abroad. You won't soon forget the exhibition on Gallipoli, the World War I battle in which so many Anzac (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) servicemen were slaughtered. The Hall of Memory is the focus of the memorial, where the body of the Unknown Soldier lies entombed. The memorial also holds one of the largest collections of Australian art in the world.</font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex</font></b></font></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; This information center, which stands beside huge tracking dishes, is a must for anyone interested in space. There are plenty of models, audiovisual recordings, and displays, including a spacesuit, space food, and archival footage of the Apollo moon landings. The complex is still active, tracking and recording results from space exploration projects, as well as providing a link with NASA spacecraft. There's no public bus service, but several tour companies offer programs that include the complex.</font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">National Museum of Australia</font></b></font></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Using state-of-the-art technology and hands-on exhibits, the museum concentrates on three main themes: Australian society and its history since1788; the interaction of people with the Australian environment; and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and histories. It relies more on images and sound than on historical objects to tell the stories of Australia. Allow a couple of hours if it grabs you, and 30 minutes if it doesn't.</font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> <font size="+2"><b><font color="#990099">Parliament House</font></b></font></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Conceived by architect Walter Burley Griffin in 1912, but not built until1988, Canberra's focal point was designed to blend into its setting at the top of Capital Hill; only a national flag supported by a giant flagpole rises above the peak. In good weather, picnickers crowd the grass that covers the roof, where the view is spectacular. Inside are more than 3,000 works of Australian arts and crafts, and extensive areas of the building are open to the public. Just inside the main entrance, look for a mosaic by Michael Tjakamarra Nelson, Meeting Place, which represents a gathering of Aboriginal tribes. Free 50-minute guided tours run throughout the day.</font></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p align="center"><font size="+3" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Perth</font></b></font> <br> </p> <p> <p align="center"><img src="images/sites/Perth.jpg" width="175" height="102"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.3.04)</font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">Perth</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.3.04)</font></font></font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(Australia), city in southwestern Australia, capital of Western Australia, on the Swan River. It is an important railroad hub and, with nearby communities, forms the principal commercial, manufacturing, and cultural center of the state. Major products of the area include metal and metal items, refined petroleum, processed food, rubber goods, <font color="#0000CC">building supplies</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.3.05)</font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">, and printed materials.</font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Perth has a moderate climate, with warm to hot summers and cool winters. King's Park, near downtown Perth, features a large area of natural Australian vegetation known as bushland. From September to November, during the Australian spring, the bushland blooms with thousands of species of wildflowers. Other attractions in Perth are the Art Gallery of Western Australia, containing a collection of European and Australian art; the Western Australian Museum, featuring natural science and historical exhibits; and Anglican and Roman Catholic cathedrals. Institutions of higher education in the Perth metropolitan area include the University of Western Australia (1911); Murdoch University (1973); Curtin University of Technology (1987); and Edith Cowan University (1991).</font></p> <p> <p align="center"><img src="images/sites/building_in_the_evening_light.jpg" width="218" height="156"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.3.05)</font> </p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Perth was established in the late 1820s and chartered as a city in 1856. It is named for Perthshire, Scotland. The discovery in 1890 of gold around Kalgoorlie in the interior of Western Australia, the construction of port facilities at nearby Fremantle about 1900, and the completion of a transcontinental railroad in 1917 aided the growth and prosperity of the city. Population (1996) 1,096,829. </font></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Halls Creek</font></b></font></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(see picture A.3.06)</font></p> <p> <p align="center"><img src="images/sites/statue_commemorating_the_man.jpg" width="258" height="183"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.3.06)</font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#990099">Cooktown</font></b></font></p> <p> <p align="center"><img src="images/sites/Cooktown.jpg" width="203" height="139"></p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.3.07)</font> </p> </font> <p align="center"><font size="3"><br> </font></p> <p align="left"><font size="+1"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">Cooktown</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.3.07)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">, town in northeastern Australia, on the coast of the Coral Sea in the state of Queensland. Cooktown, which is across from the Great Barrier Reef, is a tourist destination. It also serves as a center for the surrounding agricultural area. The town has a small airstrip and a port and lies off the Peninsula Development Road connecting Cairns with Cape York. Cooktown is home to several museums, including the James Cook Museum, which has several historical items from the voyages of British explorer Captain James Cook.<br> </font></font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Cook beached his ship Endeavour at the site of Cooktown in 1770 after it had been damaged on the Great Barrier Reef. Cook and his crew were on peaceful terms with local Aborigines, and British naturalist Joseph Banks (later Sir Joseph) collected many samples, which he included in his writings on native plants and animals. In 1873 gold was discovered in the Palmer River and Cooktown, named for Cook, was founded nearby to serve the rush. Thirty thousand miners, many of them Chinese, flocked to the town and nearby Port Douglas. Cooktown declined after the boom. Population (1991) 1342. </font></p> <font size="3"> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <h4 align="center"><a name="pr4"></a><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#009900">Animals</font></b></font></h4> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Australia's isolation from the rest of the world over millions of years has led to the evolution of forms of life found nowhere else. Probably the strangest of all is the <font color="#0000CC">platypus</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.01)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">. This monotreme (egg-laying marsupial) has webbed feet, a ducklike bill, and a tail like a beaver's. It lays eggs, and the young suckle from their mother. When a specimen was first brought back to Europe, skeptical scientists insisted it was a fake - a concoction of several different animals sewn together.</font><br> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/platypus.jpg" width="197" height="170"></p> <p align="center"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.4.01)</font> </p> <p align="left"> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Then there's the <font color="#0000CC">koala</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.02)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">. This fluffy marsupial eats virtually indigestible gum (eucalyptus) leaves and sleeps about 20 hours a day. There's only one koala species, although those found in Victoria are much larger than their brethren in more northern climes. </font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/koala.jpg" width="169" height="200"> </p> <p align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">(picture A.4.02)</font> </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Australia is also famous for <font color="#0000CC">kangaroos</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.03)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">. There are 45 different kinds of kangaroos and wallabies, ranging from small rat-size kangaroos to the man-size red kangaroos.</font> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/kangaroos.jpg" width="191" height="137"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.03)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; The animal you're most likely to come across in your trip is the <font color="#0000CC">possum</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.04)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">, named by Captain James Cook after the North American &quot;opossum,&quot; which he thought they resembled.</font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/possum.jpg" width="149" height="172"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.04)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (They actually aren't related at all.) The brush-tailed possum is commonly found in suburban gardens, including those in Sydney. Then there's the <font color="#0000CC">wombat</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.05)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">.</font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/wombat.jpg" width="159" height="154"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.05)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; There are four species of this bulky burrower in Australia, but the common wombat is most frequently found. You may come across the smaller hairy-nosed wombat in South Australia and Western Australia. The <font color="#0000CC">dingo</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.06)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">, thought by many to be a native of Australia, was, in fact, introduced - probably by Aborigines or traders from the north. They vary in color from yellow to a russet red and are despised by farmers.</font> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/dingo.jpg" width="230" height="152"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.06)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Commonly seen birds include the fairy <font color="#0000CC">penguin</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.07)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"> </font> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/fairy_penguin.jpg" width="189" height="141"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.07)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; along the coast, <font color="#0000CC">black swans</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.08)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">,</font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/black_swans.jpg" width="190" height="146"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.08)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<font color="#0000CC"> parrots</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.09)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">,</font> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/parrots.jpg" width="159" height="183"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.09)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">cockatoos</font></font> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/honeyeaters.jpg" width="156" height="117"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp;</font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1"> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (picture A.4.10)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; and <font color="#0000CC">honeyeaters</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.10)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">.</font></p> <p align="left"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#0000CC">Tasmanian devils</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.11)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">can be found in - you guessed it - the island/state of Tasmania, though a virulent disease has decimated the wild population.</font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/Snakes.jpg" width="176" height="155"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.11)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Snakes are common throughout Australia, but you'll rarely see one. The most dangerous land snake is the taipan, which hides in the grasslands in northern Australia. If, by the remotest chance, you're bitten by a snake, you must immediately immobilize the limb, wrapping it quite tightly (but not tight enough to restrict the blood flow) with a cloth or bandage, and head to the nearest hospital for antivenin. There are two types of <font color="#0000CC">crocodile</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.12)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">in Australia: the (relatively) harmless freshwater croc, which grows to 3m (10 ft.), and the dangerous estuarine (or saltwater) crocodile, which reaches 5 to 7m (16-23 ft.). Freshwater crocs eat fish; estuarine crocs aren't so picky. Never swim in or stand on the bank of any river, swamp, or pool in northern Australia unless you know for certain it's croc-free.</font> </p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/crocodile.jpg" width="180" height="116"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.12)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Spiders are common all over Australia, with the funnel web spider and the red-back spider being the most aggressive. Funnel webs live in holes in the ground (they spin their webs around the hole's entrance) and stand on their back legs when they're about to attack. Red-backs have a habit of resting under toilet seats and in car trunks, generally outside the main cities. Caution is a good policy. If you go bushwalking, check your body carefully. Ticks are common, especially in eastern Australia, and can cause severe itching and fever. If you find one on you, dab it with methylated spirits or another noxious chemical. Wait a while and pull it out gently with tweezers. <font color="#0000CC">Fish</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.13)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">to avoid are stingrays, porcupine fish, stonefish, lionfish, and puffer fish. </font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/octopus.jpg" width="213" height="152"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.13)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Never touch an octopus if it has <font color="#0000FF">blue rings</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.14)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">on it, or a cone shell, and be wary of the painful and sometimes deadly tentacles of the box jellyfish along the northern Queensland coast in summer. If you happen to brush past one of these creatures, pour vinegar over the affected site immediately - local authorities leave bottles of vinegar on the beach for this purpose. Vinegar deactivates the stingers that haven't already affected you, but doesn't affect the ones that already have.</font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/medusa.jpg" width="182" height="143"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.14)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In Sydney, you may come across &quot;stingers&quot; or <font color="#0000FF">&quot;blue bottles&quot;</font> </font><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(see picture A.4.15)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">as they're also called. These long-tentacled blue jellyfish can inflict a nasty sting that can last for hours. Sometimes you'll see warning signs on patrolled beaches. The best remedy if you're stung is to wash the affected area with fresh water and have a hot bath or shower.</font></p> <p align="left"> <p align="center"><img src="images/animals/blue_bottles.jpg" width="166" height="151"></p> <p align="center"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="3"><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="+1">(picture A.4.15)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> </p> <p align="center">&nbsp; </p> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left">&nbsp; </p> </font> </ul> <font size="3"> <p></p> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <p align="center"><a name="pr5"></a><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#009900">Glossary</font></b></font></p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><a href="Australia_glossary.pdf"><font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b>Australia glossary</b></font></a></p> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><font size="3"> </font></p> </font><font size="3"> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <p align="center"><a name="pr6"></a><font size="+4" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><font color="#009900">Tests</font></b></font></p> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <font color="#000033">Test</font></font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Choose the correct answer: <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1. Western Australia occupies ______ the continent. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) One third <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Half <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Aquarter <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Two thirds <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2. The capital city is ___________. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Broome <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Brisbane <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Perth <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Derby <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3. During the wet season tourists can not see the _______ because they are submerged. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Rocks. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Caves <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Limestone pinnacles <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Water holes <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4. America's Cup was the greatest ________ competition. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Football <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Yachting <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Surfing <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Scuba diving <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5. Wave Rock - a natural rock formation - is situated at______. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Perth <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Geraldton <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Hyden <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Kimberleys <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6. Hamelin Pool, a strange natural formation on the rocks, was built up by means &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; of _______. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Corals <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Primitive organisms <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Ancient architects <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Aborigines <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7. Another name for Banded Anteater is ________. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Quokka <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Possum <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Red Kangaroo <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3 ) Numbat <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8. Russian for &quot;ore&quot; is -_______. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) C40 <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) 725AB=O: <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9. Bauxite is used for production of _______. <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Oil <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) iron <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) alumunium <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) steel <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10. What is Wandjina? <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0) Mythical being <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1) Marine creature <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) Name of rock formation <br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3) Marsupial animal </font></p> <p></p> <p align="centre"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+1"><a href=">B25BK : B5ABC 2AB@0;8O.doc">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<b>ANSWERS</b></a></font></p> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <p align="center"><a name="pr7"></a><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+4"><b><font color="#009900">Presentation</font></b> </font></p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> </font> <p align="center"><font size="3"><a href="Australian_Wildlife.pps"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2"><b>Presentation ! 1</b></font></a> <b><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="+2">&quot;Australian Wildlife&quot;</font></b></font></p> <p align="center"><b><font size="+2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><a href="Australias_Barrier_Reef.pps">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Presentation ! 2</a> &quot;Australia's Barrier Reef&quot; </font></b></p> <font size="3"> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><i><a href="#pr0"><font size="+1" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">[ 25@=CBLAO 2 =0G0;> 4>:C<5=B0 ]</font></a></i></p> <hr size="5"> <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> <p align="center"><i></i></p> </font> </body> </html>
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